Idiopathic Juvenile Osteoporosis (IJO)

What Is IJO?

IJO is when a child has weak bones that break or fracture easily, but no specific cause can be found.

What Causes IJO? 

The cause of IJO is unknown. Children are diagnosed with IJO when their bones are fragile and other possible causes have been ruled out.

What Are the Signs & Symptoms of IJO?

IJO can look similar to other types of osteoporosis. Signs may include:

• Bone pain (often in the back, arms, or legs)
• Multiple fractures of the spine or long bones, even with very little trauma
• Physical changes such as short height, bowed legs, or trouble walking

How Is IJO Diagnosed?

Your child’s provider may:

• Order blood tests to check calcium and vitamin D levels
• Take x-rays
• After age 5, order a DXA scan to measure bone density

A diagnosis of osteoporosis is made when bone density is low and there is either a spine fracture or multiple long bone fractures. Low bone density alone does not confirm osteoporosis. Your provider will also check for other possible causes, which may include genetic testing. IJO is diagnosed when no other cause is found.

How Is IJO Treated? 

Treatment focuses on strengthening your child’s bones and preventing more fractures. This may include:

• Calcium and vitamin D supplements
• Physical or occupational therapy
• Referral to an orthopedic surgeon or other specialists if needed
• In some cases, medications called bisphosphonates to help prevent more fractures

Many children improve as they go through puberty.

What Are the Long-Term Effects of IJO?

If not treated, osteoporosis can lead to ongoing fractures, bone pain, and possible bone deformities. With proper care and treatment, many children see improvement and can stay active.